Zobo and Songophone

The Zobo saxophone dates from the end of the 19th century. Under the Zobo brand W.H. Frost in New York marketed a whole line of brass kazoo's from 1895 onwards. On Januar 7th, 1896 he had the patent registered. Besides the saxophone there was also a cornet, a trombone and a tuba model. A set of 4 listed for $8,25 and made musical instruments affordable. Some years later, in 1900, Louis N. Crakow patented the Songophone, an almost identical instrument. Crakow first dealt in Zobo's together with Frost. The Songophone was also traded as Sonophone.

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  Zobo saxophone, coll.Gerard Westerhof

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  Songophone saxophone, mouthpiece missing, coll. Gerard Westerhof

The history of the Zobo as told by the coverage in the Music Trade Review (and some other sources)

The Zobo. (Music Trade Review 1895, 21-15-04)

THE MOST POPULAR LITTLE INSTRUMENT NOW BEFORE THE TRADE.

The Zobo is the name of a fascinating little musical instrument which is just now taking the country by storm. It is the invention of W. H. Frost, the inventor of the Kazoo, which was tremendously popular some years ago. The Zobo is a marked improvement on the Kazoo, however, arid an idea of its popularity can be gleaned from the fact that over four hundred thousand Zobos and Zobo Cornet and Cornetos are now in use, although the invention is but a few months old. Anyone can play the Zobo, no instruction being necessary. You sing into it and get any effect desired. For home amusement, church or society entertainments, street parades, "high old times "for dancing, quartettes, solos, or for bands and orchestras, it cannot be excelled. The Zobo has become such a popular favorite that Mr. Frost has gotten out a line of Zobo brass band instruments, embracing the cornet, alto cornet, saxaphone, bass horn and piccolo. The principle of the Zobo is novel but simple, and, like all successful inventions, the wonder is that some one did not think o- it before. The voice is transformed into a reed instrument by the resonant diaphragm, and having per formed its work in producing the tone, the voice is lost through the vent provided for that purpose, while the resonance of the diaphragm is given volume and intonation by the instrument to which it is attached, and its material, construction and size determines the quality and intonation of the complete instrument. By the use of the Zobo instruments it is thus possible to reproduce all the brasses and reeds of a brass band, making it possible to organize whole bands and orchestras. Moreover, although the Zobo brass instruments are of solid brass, highly polished and lacquered, Mr. Frost has put them on the market at surprisingly low figures, the retail price of a full Brass Quartette, embracing cornet, alto cornet, saxaphone and brass horn, being only $8.25. Quartettes and glee clubs will be especially interested in these instruments, while we shall expect to see every campaign club of 1896 marching to the stirring strains of its own Zobo Brass Band. One of the interesting uses of the Zobo is the "Zobo Patriotic Drill," originated by the Sisters of Mercy in charge of St. Anne's Academy, at Fort Smith, Ark., and given with great success at their closing exercises of June 21st, 1895. The Fort Smith Times says of it: "The hit of the day then followed, the Zobo drill. The Zobo is a new instrument to Fort Smith, and its effect is novel and charming. It is worth going a long way to see. There was marching and singing the Red, White and Blue and other popular airs. Flags floated and patriotism was at fever heat and on dress parade."Mr. Frost was so impressed with this feature that he gives full instructions for its production in the directions which go with every instrument. We take pleasure in printing a sketch of this very entertaining drill, which is only one of the many novel arrangements possible. The leading jobbers in New York, Chicago, Boston and all the important music trade centers are handling the Zobo. The Zobo is one of the best things in its line before the trade to-day. It is sold at such a price that it leaves a satisfactory margin of profit to the dealer. It will undoubtedly make Mr. Frost a wealthy man, and he deserves it. Dealers should order a trial lot of their jobber, and not forget to ask for the very attractive window display which seems to multiply the sales amazingly. Mr. Frost is always glad to see any of the trade at his establishment at 35 Frankfort street, and is always pleased to receive inquiries.

MTR-1895-21-20-11 (Dec 7th 1895)

The Zobo in Concert.

THAT popular instrument, the Zobo, is becoming a huge favorite everywhere. W. H. Frost, the manufacturer, is experiencing quite a boom in trade these days, owing to the approach of the holidays. By the way, the Zobo brass band instruments will be used at the grand concert to be given in the Emmanuel Baptist Church, Suffolk street, near Grand, on next Wednesday evening, Dec. nth.

MTR-1895-21-21-03 (Dec 14th 1895)

THE Zobo is the talk of the country. This fascinating little musical instrument is selling like the proverbial "hot cakes." It is proving one of the greatest holiday novelties on the market. Over half a million Zobos, Zobo cornets and cornetos are now in use, both for home amusement, church and society entertainments, parades, bands and orchestras; in fact, they have become such a popular favorite that Mr. Frost, the inventor, has all he can do to supply the demands of the trade. The great success of the Zobo is attributable to the fact that any one can play it; no instruction being necessary. You simply sing into it and get any effect you desire. For instance, in the Zobo brass band instruments, which embrace the cornet, alto cornet, saxaphone, bass horn and piccolo, the voice is transformed into a reed or brass instrument, thus making it possible to organize whole bands and orchestras. The Zobo is sold at a popular price, and a full brass quartet can be purchased for $8.25.

One important fact should be borne in mind, namely, that the Zobo is not a novelty, just made for the holidays. It is here to stay, and it is bound to grow in popularity month after month. Dealers will find as great a demand for this instrument in the spring as at present, and during the Presidential campaign of '96 we will be surprised if the Zobo is not used by every campaign club in the country. Hence dealers will readily recognize that it is a staple instrument, not for the day, but for all time.

Dealers who have not yet ordered a trial lot of Zobos should do so at once through their jobber or directly from Mr. Frost, the inventor and manufacturer, at his establishment, 35 Frankfort street, this city. A very attractive window display, which seems to multiply the sales amazingly, is furnished with every order. The Zobos are sold at a price that leaves a satisfactory margin of profit to the dealer. We would not be surprised to see Zobo bands, uniformed and equipped as shown in the illustration herewith, in every country town and city before long. For clubs and home amusement the Zobo cannot be duplicated. It possesses a value peculiar to itself. A little "push" and the dealer has a "big thing" when he handles the Zobo. It is worth looking up at once.

Image from the Music Trade Review

MTR-1895-21-22 (Dec 21st 1895)

AT a concert and cantata given by the Emmanuel Baptist Church in this city last week, the Zobo was used. The World has the following to say in this connection: "In the last chorus of the cantata a fine effect was produced by the use of brass Zobos. With these instruments the young people produced a very good imitation of a brass band accompaniment."

MTR-1895-21-23-06

W. H. FROST, of Zobo fame, is on a two weeks' business trip to Chicago.

Catalogue of A.E. Benary

In a catalogue of A.E. Benary, New York from 1895 the zobo is mentioned already [Catalog. NY, NY: A. E. Benary; 1895], 286 p. Cloth binding. Successor to Henry Benary's Sons, Importer and Manufacturer of Musical Instruments, Strings, 62 White Street, New York 1895. Retail catalog featuring: violins (including parts and cases), contra bass, trombone, cymbals, cymbal bags, bicycle bugle, cavalry trumpets, xylophones, tubephones, door harps, metallophones, zobos, zobo cornettos, etc.

Music Trades 1984 Volume 132, Numbers 7-12

Zobo Bands Are Forming All Over the Country It is likely that 100 Zobo bands will do service during the coming presidential campaign. Mr. WH Frost, the inventor and sole proprietor of this unique musical instrument, finds that it is growing more popular every day. A considerable number of Zobo bands have been organized in New York and Brooklyn and the surrounding towns. The Zobo Bicycle Band of the Gormully and Jeffery Co. made a decided hit in the recent bicycle parade. Nearly every newspaper in New York gave the band a complimentary notice. The Evening Telegram said, "The white uniform Wheelman's band, the first on record by the way, of the Gormully & Jeffery Company received a great ovation as thev swept up past headquarters to take their place in line.”m Zobo…

1895 The American Stationer volume 38

Ashtabula, Ohio asks for the address of the makers of the Zobo. Answer: W.F. Frost 858 Dearborn Street Chicago 1896 Januar 7th the Zobo patent was registered: US 552612.

WARREN HERBERT FROST, son of Edward J. and Elizabeth, married Mattie Josephine Orcutt. His second wife was Mae Etta Orcutt. Residence, Chicago, where his only child, son by first wife, Herbert Earl, was born Nov.17, 1890, and died in 1893. (Frost genealogy in five families).

MTR-1896-22-1-11 (Jan 25th 1896), Zobo patent granted

MTR-1896-22-2-13 (Feb 1st 1896), More Light on the Zobo Patent.

More Light on the Zobo Patent.

THE RESONANT DIAPHRAGM NOT SIMILAR TO THE PHONOGRAPH.

IN a conversation with W. H. Frost of Zobo fame, 35 Frankfort street, about the patent granted him on the Zobo by the authorities at Washington, which appeared in last week's issue, that gentleman was made to say that the delay in granting same was caused chiefly by the similarity of the resonant diaphragm used in the Zobo with that of the phonograph, etc. This would lead the reader to believe that there was a similarity between the two diaphragms, whereas the fact is, the diaphragms are of a directly opposite character, producing entirely different results, and arranged in a very dissimilar manner. This is the point Mr. Frost had to make with the Patent Office, as the invention was entirely new to them, and they confused it with the phonograph, etc. But when they saw that the facts were as stated above, he had no trouble in securing full claims. This patent is a great victory for Mr. Frost, and it gives his products a "clear field." The Zobo brass band instruments are destined to win a great vogue during the coming summer and fall for campaign purposes. In fact, Zobo bands will be all the rage this year, and dealers should look way ahead and place their orders early.

Hawaiian Gazette February 18th 1898

Hawaiian Glee Club

The evening will be considerably enlivened by the presence and assistance of the club's new musical organisation of monster proportions, called 'Professor von Bergersons Zobo Band. For one thing the boys made a strong bid for American patronage. They promise some surprises during the rendition of patriotic medley 'American Airs'; There will be again given for the benefit of both the Hawaiians and foreigners "The evolution of Hawaiian music", arranged by Coelho. This took the house by storm last Saturday night and will be better still. There will be once more the Kamehmeha tableau and the pahu, ipu hula anmd uliuli. The money which it is hoped to make by this repition is very much needed by the boys. Several of them must have clothing and there were some expenses attached to the firts show which have not yet been entirely defrayed

MTR-1896-22-5-09 (Feb 22nd 1896)

W H. FROST, of Zobo fame, has removed from 35 Frankfort street to 123 Liberty street. This move, into larger quarters, was rendered necessary owing to the growth of business. The Zobo is having a phenomenal sale. The output since the first of the year indicates that Mr. Frost will round up the million mark before the year closes. This week he made a large shipment to Joseph Wallis & Son, of London, Eng., one of the largest houses devoted to the sale of musical instruments in that city.

MTR-1896-22-6-09

W. H. FROST, of Zobo fame, has issued a very handsomely gotten up edition of the popular "Honeymoon March," arranged for the Zobo quartette, by Percy Gaunt. It shows the possibilities of the Zobo in a musical way. Mr. Frost will be pleased to send dealers a sample copy, post paid, on receipt of a postal card.

MTR-1896-22-8-15 (March 14th 1896)

Looks Like a Zobo Year.

THE Zobo and Zobo band instruments are becoming quite a "fad" with college glee clubs and quartets. During the past two weeks W. H. Frost, the manufacturer, 123 Liberty street, has been in receipt of numerous inquiries from colleges, and has shipped quite a number of orders. He is also equipping Zobo bands in all sections of the country. It looks like a mighty big Zobo year, judging from the steadily growing demand for these instruments. Mr. Frost anticipates a big sale in England, as his London agents, Joseph Wallis & Son, are confident that the Zobo will become as popular in Great Britain as in the United States.

MTR-1896-22-9-10

W. H. FROST, inventor and manufacturer of the Zobo, expects to sell a million of these instruments during 1896.

MTR-1896-22-12-08 (April 11th 1896)

Zobo Brass Band on Wheels.

POINTS FOR DEALERS HANDLING ZOBOS—HOW THEY CAN MAKE MONEY THE COMING SUMMER AND FALL.

THE Zobo Brass Band instruments seem to have struck a popular vein. In fact, the different styles are getting more popular every day. This is evidenced by the degree of bustle prevalent at Zobo headquarters.In a talk recently with W. H. Frost, the manufacturer, 123 Liberty street, he said: " I have been behind in my orders for brass band instruments for over a month, and it is the dull season in most lines. "I am advised by the director of the Oberlin College Glee Club that the hit of their concert recently given was the Zobo band. They have put in sixteen of these brass instruments, which fitted out the entire glee club. Then I have also equipped quartets in the glee clubs of Yale, Harvard and Cornell. So you see they are proving very successful in that field." Wide-awake dealers handling the Zobo instruments should make it a point to encourage the formation of bicycle brass bands. If properly pushed they would become "all the rage." These instruments can be carried in one hand, easily played and slung over the back when not in use. There is absolutely no such thing as a brass band on wheels, and the novelty of the scheme proposed will commend it. Again, dealers should make it a point to be on the lookout for campaign clubs. The Zobo is destined to be indispensable during the campaign, and dealers can work up a big trade by looking up the voters as well as the bike.

MTR-1896-22-15-13 (May 2nd 1896)

W. H. FROST, inventor and manufacturer of the Zobo, 123 Liberty street, is meeting with a great demand for the Zobo from well-known stage favorites. He recently received a flattering letter from Frank Daniels, of the "Wizard of the Nile" Co., praising the Zobo generally, and ordering a quartet set. May Irwin has been captivated by the Zobo, and it is winning its way rapidly into favor among theatrical people. This instrument has also been used recently with much success in choirs and church entertainments; and, in fact, it can be used in the orchestra or in the home with signal effect. No wonder the Zobo is selling like the proverbial "hot cakes." The dealers not selling this "money-maker" must be behind the times. Once examined and tested a sale is always effected. Such a specialty should be handled and pushed by every "live" dealer.

Zobo advertisement

(May Irwin, Canadian vaudeville star, actress 1862-1938)

MTR-1896-22-18-17 (May 23rd 1896)

Zobos in Demand.

ACCORDING to Mr. W. H. Frost, proprietor and manufacturer of the Zobo, the prevailing bicycle craze is not a circumstance to the heavy demand for both Zobos and Zobo Band instruments. It is simply a case of "hustle" at the factory, the supply barely keeping pace with the demand.

The avenues of sale are both numerous and varied, and the many dealers, one and all, adopt an "Oliver Twist" attitude and humbly ask for "more." Mr. Frost states that a large bicycle manufactory has organized a very successful Zobo band, under the able conductorship of Otto Langey, and that the rehearsals now being held are highly successful. At a forthcoming bicycle parade, for which preparations are now being made on an extensive scale, the performers expect to make a great sensation.

Mr. Frost has fitted up an organization of twenty-five performers, who will shortly appear in a large spectacular production at one of the New York theatres. The members of the band are busy rehearsing a stirring march from Sousa's latest success, "El Capitan," and other selections, and expect to make a great hit on making their stage debut. A prominent Grammar School has instituted a Zobo band, which is to perform at the school parade of the cadets and other indoor receptions. The Rudolph Wurlitzer Co., of Cincinnati, in sending a large order under date of May 16, write: "Just beginning to get out circulars you sent us, and have already received quite a number of orders for Zobos and Zobo instruments."

Mr. Frost says that the Zobo will be very much in evidence at the forthcoming St. Louis Convention; several quartets have been equipped, and a number of Zobo clubs will help to make things lively. According to the genial Zobo proprietor, the forthcoming election will be won by the party using the greatest number of Zobos. C. H. Ditson, of this city, has received a large order for the brass instruments from Tacoma, Wash. A number of new style instruments are shortly to be placed on the market, which promise to become highly popular.

Zobo advertisement

A Zobo ad, found on the backside of the sheet music of President Cleveland's Second Term March in 1896

MTR 1896 22-20-10 : (June 6th 1896)

Look Out for the Bicycle Zobo Band.

AN interesting feature of the livening Telegram bicycle parade, which will take place on the Boulevard from Sixtyfifth to 108th street, this afternoon, will be a Zobo band on wheels. They will form part of the exhibit of the Gormully & Jeffery Manufacturing Co., and will be seen in the manufacturers' division of the parade. They will be suitably uniformed, and will make quite a showing. The repertoire of the band is large, and they will set the pace at the parade with Sousa's "El Capitan" march. The bicycle band will be a splendid means of showing the possibilities of the Zobo to New Yorkers, and it will undoubtedly result in a number of other bands being formed, not only on wheels, but for campaign purposes. The Zobo is certainly the biggest hit of the day. The inventor and manufacturer, W. H. Frost, is in receipt of letters and orders from dealers in all sections of the country, stating that there is a regular run on these instruments.

MTR-1896-22-21-03

Zobo Bicycle Band.

IN the extended notices of last Saturday's bicyle parade in this city, the local newspapers had many complimentary words for the Zobo Band, which appeared in the manufacturers' division. They made an imposing picture in their natty uniforms, and their playing was not bad, considering the limited time they rehearsed for the parade. In the near future we can look forward for several bicycle Zobo bands, not only in this city, but Ihroughout the country.

MTR-1896-22-24-10 (July 4th 1896)

Zobo Slide Trombone.

WE herewith present a cut of the latest addition to the illustrious Zobo "family," which seems destined to create a stir in Zobo circles. The instrument is an excellent rep)ica of the ordinary trombone, with slide tubing, bent, as regular instrument, having an extension of ten inches. To quote Mr. W. H. Frost's own words, "it is a very deceptive, but nevertheless, business-like looking instrument, producing a very fine tone, especially adapted to a baritone voice." The instrument retails at $4, costing dealers the same as a Zobo brass horn. Mr. Frost states that "Zobo business is improving, and, in view of the bicycle and approaching campaign excitement, he looks for a steady and increasing call for Zobo goods right up to Xmas." In view of this, it would be well for dealers to order well ahead of goods.

Zobo Slide Trombone

MTR-1896-23-1-15 (July 25th 1896)

Zobo News.

THE accompanying illustration of a Wheelman's Zobo Brass Band,although possessing considerable interest to Zobo dealers and the trade generally, is not an actual reproduction of any special organization, inasmuch as the average Zobo band numbers considerably more members than is shown in the illustration. It is nevertheless of unique interest. According to the Philadelphia press one of the most interesting features of the recent big bicycle parade at Philadelphia, held on July 14 last, was the Zobo Band of the Century Wheelman's Club. The procession consisted often thousand cyclists and an extract from the Philadelphia "Public Ledger" of July 15, reads as follows: "Next followed the Century Wheelmen, who introduced a novelty in the shape of a Zobo band, and really played excellent music. This caused the Centurions to receive tumultuous applause all along the line of parade." After the parade the members of the band gathered in front of the club house and gave a half-hour open air concert, which was highly appreciated by a large audience. The Century Club have undoubtedly, in a great measure, the Zobo band to thank for the ease with which they carried off their three prizes: "Novel Display," "Best General Appearance," "Largest Number of Men," thus maintaining their reputation of being the crack club of Philadelphia. A word of acknowledgment is due that well known orchestral leader of Philadelphia, Professor Harvey Uhler, who is the leader and drum-major of the band, for the success he has achieved in producing so excellent an organization. Mr. W. H. Frost reports a good general business in Zobo instruments; he has recently had a large number of enquiries from the New York and Philadelphia bicycle clubs, Mr. Frost emphasizes the point that bicycles and politics will go hand in hand very considerably this fall, and that no bicycle club or parade is properly equipped without its "Zobo band." Joseph Wallace & Son of London have, through C. Bruno & Son of New York, just ordered their fourth shipment of Zobo instruments.

Wheelmens Zobo Band

New York Times September 27th 1896

A 'Zobo band' of sixteen pieces has been organized by members of the Bushwick Wheelmen

First prize at the Greater America Exposition Nov 1st 1899:

Announcement of the prize

Cover catalog W.L Hatch, New York

6 X 9 1/4" 36 p/p's including covers. different instruments pics with prices and the packet of repair pcs. and a scan of the front and back covers. Inside the front cover is a picture of the Park Ave. Paterson NJ Church Choir Zobo Band, also a pic of school 54 NYC band. Pic of Onnalinda Zobo Band, Kansas City Shriners Band, Wheelman's Zobo Band of Philadelphia and many other bands, also listings for Zithers and mouth organs.

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The Zobo-Phone

The Zobo-phone, also by Strauss MFG. Co, based on the same Jan.7, 1896 patent, Number 552612. Words on the side are: 'Sing into the Mouthpiece' and 'Mama won't you buy me a Zobo?' Stands 7 inches tall.

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Denver Public Library collection

Zobo trio Colorado

Colorado National Guard soldiers pose with trumpets in Leadville, Lake County, Colorado, during a mining labor strike of the Western Federation of Miners. A rack of rifles are against interior canvas tent walls. [1896 or 1897?]

MTR-1896-23-6-15

Hamilton S. Gordon.

W.H. FREELAND, of Hamilton S. • Gordon's small goods department, spoke somewhat encouragingly of the general outlook for fall trade, to the REVIEW on Wednesday last. Mr. Freeland stated that the "campaign" trade was fairly prosperous, the demand for the "Gordon " mandolins and guitars satisfactory, and the accordeon and zobo trade brisk.

MTR-1896-23-12-19 (Oct 10th 1896)

Zobo News.

"Zobo business is on the boom just now," said Mr. W. H. Frost to the REVIEW on Tuesday last. "I have received more orders the last three weeks than at any time in a similar period." During the informal chat which followed Mr. Frost stated in substance: "The main difficulty 1 have, when making a deal, is to impress upon buyers that the zobo is a 'serious' instrument and not to be treated in a spirit of burlesque as many seem to think. The splendid work of the Century Wheelmen's Zobo Band of Philadelphia, and my phonograph records of some of Sousa's marches, are good object lessons in this respect.

"Campaign business is very promising," continued Mr. Frost; "if dealers would only grasp the fact that it is necessary to keep a full set of instruments in stock, so as to illustrate their possibilities and excellence of workmanship; it is so difficult to sell from catalogue, a man laughs at the idea and imagines you are offering him a tin-pan toy; but impress upon him that he can purchase an entire outfit for $2 a man—practically the price of the hire of an ordinary brass band for one evening, let him fully appreciate the tonal possibilities of the instruments, and the sale is made." Mr. Frost stated that the largest demand for zobos came from the West, but Eastern business was good.

The zobo brass instruments were used in the glee clubs of Oberlin College, Ohio, Cornell, Yale, Harvard and Muhlenberg University, Allentown, Pa. ; in many cases the colleges had a full band outfit of sixteen pieces. Reverting again to campaign business Mr. Frost stated that the clubs possessing zobo brass instruments invariably "take the cake." In most cases the performers had good voices, so that good chorus work could be effected, with the result that fun and good-fellowship invariably prevailed and "on an economical basis," emphasized the narrator. We herewith present a half-tone cut illustrating a fifteen piece zobo brass band organization; the instruments are reproduced exactly as assorted, and the picture is a life-like representation of one of these organizations on parade.

MTR-1896-23-16-21 (Nov 7th 1896)

Zobo News.

THE zobo brass instruments were much in evidence in the Sound Money Parade of Saturday last; the New York "Herald," however, made a mistake in referring to these popular instruments as "kazoos," the latter instrument being today completely eclipsed by its more successful rival. In response to inquiry, Mr. W. H. Frost stated to THE REVIEW on Monday last that zobo business was very good, in fact, he was not only unable to fill orders, but did not expect to catch up on same until January, '97.

The zobo brass instruments are rapidly becoming popular among musical circles; a prominent church choir of Tacoma, Wash., gave a most successful concert on Oct. 9th, last, the program containing both popular and classical selections, carefully rendered in a most "serious" manner. The Tacoma "Ledger" devoted half a column in describing the event, and referred to the performance as a most ambitious and successful affair. Prominent among the numbers was a zobo duet, "See the Pale Moon," by Donizetti, which called forth rapturous applause. A very handsome presentation plate, size 17^3 x 14, printed on enamel paper, has recently been published for presentation purposes by Mr. W. H. Frost, and can be had gratis on application. The plate consists of six half-tone portrait groups of zobo combinations and prominent organizations, and, in addition, a handsome portrait of America's favorite comedienne, May Irwin— the whole form ing an admirable advertisement most artistically produced. A new zobo instruction book, specially prepared by Otto Langey, together with some new and original musical selections, have just been published, further particulars of which will appear in a later issue.

MTR-1896-23-19-21 (Nov 28th 1896)

New Zobo Instructor.

THE name of Otto Langey on a musical instrument instruction book is sufficient guarantee that the work has been done judiciously and well. Mr. Langey has recently completed a zobo band instrument instructor which will undoubtedly not only prove of vast assistance to zobo performers, but help to still further boom these very popular instruments. The book consists of thirty-six pages of matter, carefully printed and neatly produced. It is remarkably comprehensive and, by reason of its lucidity, fully maintains Mr. Langey's high reputation for this class of work.

Full directions are given as to articulation and tongueing; the matter of rhythm is dealt with at considerable length with illustrative rhythmical exercises; there are individual exercises; exercises for mixed voices for four parts with piano accompaniment, also arrangements of popular melodies for both male and mixed zobo bands. There is a good deal of material in the instructor which will prove of value to those who are but little versed in the rudiments of music, and we predict a heavy demand for this very admirable little work. W. H. Frost is also publishing a series of compositions for zobo bands, arranged for male voices by Otto Langey. No. I. is a catchy march, entitled "The Scorcher," written by Mr. Langey himself; No. II. contains an excellent arrangement of patriotic airs. The instructor and music each sell for twenty-five cents.

MTR-1896-23-16-21 (Nov 7th 1896)

Zobo News.

THE zobo brass instruments were much in evidence in the Sound Money Parade of Saturday last; the New York "Herald," however, made a mistake in referring to these popular instruments as "kazoos," the latter instrument being today completely eclipsed by its more successful rival. In response to inquiry, Mr. W. H. Frost stated to THE REVIEW on Monday last that zobo business was very good, in fact, he was not only unable to fill orders, but did not expect to catch up on same until January, '97.

The zobo brass instruments are rapidly becoming popular among musical circles; a prominent church choir of Tacoma, Wash., gave a most successful concert on Oct. 9th, last, the program containing both popular and classical selections, carefully rendered in a most "serious" manner. The Tacoma "Ledger" devoted half a column in describing the event, and referred to the performance as a most ambitious and successful affair. Prominent among the numbers was a zobo duet, "See the Pale Moon," by Donizetti, which called forth rapturous applause. A very handsome presentation plate, size 17^3 x 14, printed on enamel paper, has recently been published for presentation purposes by Mr. W. H. Frost, and can be had gratis on application. The plate consists of six half-tone portrait groups of zobo combinations and prominent organizations, and, in addition, a handsome portrait of America's favorite comedienne, May Irwin— the whole form ing an admirable advertisement most artistically produced. A new zobo instruction book, specially prepared by Otto Langey, together with some new and original musical selections, have just been published, further particulars of which will appear in a later issue.

MTR 1896-23-20-16:

THE ZOBO "TAKES THE CAKE."

Among the special lines handled by Joseph Wallis & Son, Euston Road, perhaps the most successful is that effective and inexpensive American instrument entitled the "zobo." They are placing it with great success among bicycle clubs and schools, and its sale is steadily increasing, not only with the foregoing, but with the public at large. It seems to have caught the popular fancy and dealers in the Provinces are selling them like the proverbial "hot cakes." [The zobo is manufactured by W. H. Frost, of this city.EDITOR.]

MTR-1896-23-22-19

Zobo News.

THE IMPROVED VIBRATOR A BIG SUCCESS

CONSIDERABLE DEMAND FOR THE ZOBO BRASS INSTRUMENT INSTRUCTOR.

W H. FROST is a zobo enthusiast; , naturally, says the cynical reader - "he makes 'em." We repeat, and emphasize the statement - W. H. Frost is a zobo enthusiast, working with the tenacity of a violin maker, in the improvement of his instrument, ever ready to discuss its merits and possibilities, and having unlimited faith in the ultimate acceptance - by the trade and public - of the zobo as a musical instrument. Mr. Frost has amply demonstrated that the zobo is not a toy, but he, nevertheless, with all the sincerity and earnestness of an enthusiast, continues to impress upon you this vital point. Mr. Frost prognosticates, and we think with considerable justification,that the zobo brass instruments have not only "come to stay," but that the next few years will witness the evolution of a "musical novelty" into an accepted and most appreciated "musical instrument." An improvement of considerable moment has recently been adopted in the zobo brass instruments which will undoubtedly tend to still further enhance their popularity. We refer to the new improved vibrator, which may be said to almost revolutionize the possibilities of the instrument. To those unfamiliar with the construction of the zobo, it might be of interest to state that the vibrator of the instrument is attached to a wooden vibrator frame, which is inserted in the mouthpiece of the instrument. Constant experimenting has resulted in a perfecting of this vibrator, the effect being to clarify the tonal effects of the instrument in a most marked degree. With this latest improvement the zobo brass instruments are now completely under the control of the performer, better expression can be obtained, pianissimo and forte are easier of emphasis, and, to use Mr. Frost's own words, "the tonal quality of the instrument is of so refined a nature that it becomes especially adapted to the most refined quarters of a limited New York flat." Bands and orchestras also benefit by this improvement, as selections can be performed with greater accuracy and better effect. In referring to the new vibrator, Chas. Russell, of the well-known musical vaudeville team, the Russell Bros., writes: "The new vibrator is a big success and the zobo cornet solo with piano accompaniment is the best feature of the program." Mr. Frost states that in future all zobo brass instruments will have an improved vibrator in addition to the regular one. He will be pleased to forward a sample vibrator to any zobo performers or zobo brass instrument agents.Otto Langey's Zobo Brass Instrument Instructor, published by W. H. Frost & Co., 123 Liberty street, this city, is meeting with splendid success and undoubtedly fills the bill in a most admirable manner.

MTR-1897-24-1-05 adresses 'small goods trade': W.H.Frost, Libertystreet

MTR-1897-24-1-07 (Januar 2nd 1897)

May Irwin made a big "hit" at the Columbia Theatre last week in a song which she sings with the zobo band accompaniment. It is a great ad. for the zobo.

MTR-1897-24-2-06 (January 9th 1897)

The " First Zobo Band of New York," a Harlem organization, recently presented W. H. Frost, the well-known zobo manufacturer, with a handsomely framed photographic group of its members. The picture is 15 x 18 inches in size, and has been accorded a prominent position in Mr. Frost's private office, 123 Liberty Street, this city.

MTR-1897-24-2-17 (Januar 9th 1897)

The Zobo on Broadway.

W. H. Frost is naturally much pleased with the big reception accorded to the Zobo Band, which is so prominent a feature of May Irwin's " Courted into Court," now occupying the boards at the Bijou Theatre, this city. The celebrated American comedienne has for some time past been a zobo enthusiast. She had a zobo band at her summer place in the Thousand Islands, and was so convinced of the admirable qualities of the zobo brass band instruments for stage purposes that she has introduced them into her new f)iece, and throughout the fall the company have been busy rehearsing and perfecting their zobo selections with a view to make this special performance a marked feature of the production. At Omaha, Kansas City, St. Louis, Chicago, and New York, the Zobo Band finale at the close of the second act was vociferously applauded, resulting in several curtain calls. All the members of the company participate in the zobo finale, making thirteen performers. The instruments include cornets, alto cornets, saxophones, trombones, bass horns, with the addition of cymbals and bass drum, May Irwin acting as drum-major. The press give the new piece warm approval, and it is doubtless in for an extended run.

MTR-1897-24-9-23

Popularity of the Zobo Band.

To popularize the Zobo by means of Zobo clubs, bands, orchestras and similar organizations, was a happy thought on the part of Mr. W. H. Frost, now frequently alluded to as "the Zobo man." By dint of indefatigable personal effort, Mr. Frost has succeeded in scoring a distinct and lasting success for his ingenious instruments. It is quite "the proper thing" now to be a member of a Zobo band. The picture herewith represents the members of the First Zobo Band of New York. The headquarters are in Harlem, where the members reside. It was organized by Mr. C. W. Diehl, 443 East 123d street, who is now the director. Mr. Diehl is active in matters of church music. The members are mostly members of church choirs. Their Zobo repertoire includes Sousa's marches, all standard music, and many favorite modern compositions. Tins band was organized over a year ago. It has given several successful concerts and is classified as a regular and permanent musical organization.

MTR-1897-24-11-15

Incorporated :

The Zobo Manufacturing Co., of NewYork, was incorporated on Wednesday last, to manufacture and deal in musical instruments and novelties; capital, $10,000. Directors— Warren H. Frost, Mae Etta Frost, Louis N. Crokaw, and Emma R. Crokaw, all of New York city.

MTR-1897-24-12-19 (March 20th 1897)

The Zobo and the Bicycle Season.

Now that the bicycle season of 1897 is fairly under way, the demand for Mr. W. H. Frost's unique instruments, the zobos, big and little, has received renewed impetus. Clubs all over the country are sending in their orders, with requests for suggestions as to the drilling of band members and the like. The present year is likely to be a red-letter one in the history of the zobo. After five rehearsals, zobo brass bands are, if properly instructed, ready for any mancxuvre on foot, wheel, or horseback. Many wide-awake dealers who are located near bicycle club quarters have been doing a lively business in zobos of late, and from the size and frequency of their orders, they anticipate a big trade during the next three months.

MTR-1897-24-13-19 (March 27th 1897)

The Zobo Manufacturing Co.

The Zobo Mfg. Co., the incorporation of which was recently announced in The Review, has been organized with W. H. Frost, president; E. R. Crakow, vice-president, and L. N. Crakow, secretary-treasurer. This concern is amply equipped not only to carry on the business so well developed by Mr. Frost, but to broaden its scope and make better known the zobo, which is now rapidly becoming one of the stock musical instruments. Of the popularity of the zobo band instruments it is almost unnecessary to speak. They are scoring one success after another; probably the most pronounced is that made in "Courted into Court" at the Bijou Theatre, this city, where May Irvvin has appeared for over a hundred nights consecutively as drum-major of a very excellent zobo band.

In church, as well as theatrical circles, the zobo has become an established favorite. The New York Zobo Band, which was organized over a year ago, and now a well established musical organization of nineteen members, has recently given many concerts in church and society circles. The repertory is extensive, including many popular instrumental pieces. It may be interesting to learn that through the receipts of some concerts given by this organization two churches in this city were enabled to keep open doors during the past year. Enough money was donated by the band to the congregations to pay off the interest on the mortgages. It would be a good point for members of churches who are breaking their heads trying to pay their ministers' salaries to engage or organize a zobo band. The New York Zobo Band referred to has demonstrated effectively how salaries can be paid and the church mortgage debt decreased. Mr. Louis N. Crakow, secretary of the company, will be prominently identified with the business hereafter, as Mr. Frost, always a busy man, is interested in several enterprises. Mr. Crakow is a genial and accomplished gentleman, and is destined to advance the interests of his house.

MTR-1897-24-14-29 (April 3rd 1897)

The Zobo in Demand.

" The only complaint we can make about business," said Mr. L. N. Crakow, of the Zobo Manufacturing Co., 123 Liberty street, when seen by The Review on Wednesday last, "is unusual slowness in collections. Orders for zobos are steadily coming in; last week we shipped six cases of zobos to Australia, where they are becoming decidedly popular. So far this week orders amounting in value to over $500 have been received." This certainly looks like business.

Various

Brooklyn Daily Eagle Star 24 april 1897 Next to follow was the Zobo band , under the direction of V. E. Brodie. This has to be heard to be appreciated. Mr. Brodie as Paderewskl, on a f i f t y cent piano, being very good.

MTR-1897-24-15-02 ad

BUY GOODS THAT PEOPLE WANT AND CAN AFFORD TO BUY

MORE MONEY IN THE ZOBO BRASS INSTRUMENTS

Than in any other musical instrument ever offered. Rapidly becoming popular with musical people as well as with the general public. Write for particulars regarding

popular hits of Zobo Bands. (met plaatje van fiets zobo band Inmiddels heet het bedrijf dus Zobo)

THE ZOBO Manufacturing Co, Sole Mfrs. 123 Liberty Street, New York.

MTR-1897-24-17-04 (April 24th 1897)

MTR contributes to the succes, writing:

Here is another one under date of April 2. The Zobo Manufacturing Co. write: "We have appreciated the many benefits we have received through our advertisement in your journal and consider the enormous amount of business we have gotten through you."

Sporting Life volume 29 no 9

15 May 1897 Cyclers Parade

(www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/SportingLife/1897/VOL_29_NO_09/SL2909021.pdf)

At the unveiling of the Washington monument in Philadelphia, 15.000 cyclers altogether the Zobo band of the Century Wheelmen, with the electric light display, showed up again

MTR-1897-25-3-06 adress book Zobo MFG Co Liberty street City (small goods trade) en STRAUSS MUSIC CO., 267 Wabash Ave., Chicago, 111 (Music Publishers)

MTR-1897-25-8-06 idem

MTR-1897-25-16-06 idem

The New York Clipper 4 dec 1897-1899

J. W. ROBB'S CASINO OPERATIC BURLESQUERS are introducing a Zobo band of twelve fine brass instruments with marked success.

Hamilton S. Gordon catalogue

Hamilton S. Gordon catalogue, New York, 1897-1898 shows the zobo, along with the vocophone

Niagara Falls Gazette August 18th 1898

THE ZOBO BAND.

It Has a New Lot of Instruments and Is Able to Produce All Kinds of Music.

Tonight the Zobo band will accompany the search-light excursion on the Gorge Road. It was to have accompanied the excursion last night but, through some misunderstanding the members of the band did not. assemble and the excursion went without them. The Zobo band is now a great institution. It no longer has any real connection with the Royal Arcanum, although the majority of the members belong to the order. The connection with the order, was severed in order that several outsiders whose musical ability particularly struck Leader Jenny, could be taken into the ranks. The end has fully justified the action and the result is a great and growing band with unlimited possibilities. The Zobo band accompanies the search-light excursions for two reasons, viz: for the pleasure derived and for the cash remuneration. The cash is needed to pay for the new instruments which the band now possesses. There is a story connected with the purchase of the new instruments, the details of which if known, might prove very interesting. It will be remembered that on the 24th of'May last the Zobo band went to Niagara Falls. Ont. to aid the Canadians in celebrating the Queen's birthday. Crowds of People saw the band depart for the other side of the river, but only a very few saw them return. The few who did happen to be prowling around late enough to see the return of the musicians would not recognize them as such, for they had no instruments with them and they looked for all the world like common, ordinary house painters in their uniforms of duck which were white when they went across the river in the morning. Where their instruments went seems to be a mystery. Only one or two of them were saved. Judge Charles H. Piper carried the bass horn, and after he had walked about the track with the band 42 times playing the same tune all the time he grow tired and climbed into a wagon for a rest. He took his horn with him. While he was in the wagon the rest of the members of the band went down to the town and he could not find them and he came home early and brought his instrument with him. The trombone also came back but it was in eight pieces and now adorns the walls of the quarters of the Arcanum as a memento of the celebration of the Oueen's birthday. There was only one thing to do and that was to purchase new instruments. Experience taught the members a lesson and now they have brass horns, but they are not paid for and these search-light excursions come in very handy as another payment is due shortly. The new instruments are capable of producing the same unearthly noise as the old paper instruments were and tonight the mysterious spirits of the gorge whos nocturnal revels have been undisturbed for ages, will be rudely intruded upon.

PRINTERS' INK May 31, 1899

(A Journal for Advertisers, New York)

ADVERTISING THE " ZOBO." Readers of the Saturday Evening Post, Success, the Christian Herald, the Voice and similar publications, are doubtless familiar with the little twenty-two-line ad which describes and contains a cut of the Zobo, an article which is fittingly named by its inventor a " toy musical instrument." Assigned to the task of finding out something about the "Zobo" advertising, I went to the fifth floor of 369 Broadway, and there saw Mr. L. N. Crakow, the owner of the business. He received me graciously, and the following conversation ensued: " How long has the Zobo been on the market ?" "Since 1896. It was patented in that year, and was first advertised for sale in Chicago." " In what class of papers ?" " Those generally carrying mail order advertising, like Comfort, Boyce's Weeklies, etc." "Did they pay you?" "Comfort paid us all right. I can't say as much for the others. We started practically without capital, but knowing we had a good thing we determined to build up a business." "When did you come to New York"? "Eighteen months ago." "What mediums do you now use, Mr. Crakow?" "The Christian Herald, the Christian Endeaver World, Success, the Voice, Saturday Evening Post of Philadelphia and the tri-weekly editions of the New York World. "" DO you get good returns from these papers? "" Yes, better than we did with the other mediums I named. We average between 400 and 500 cash letters daily." " What do Zobos sell for?" " From ten cents up to $4. Generally a ten-cent one marks the first sale, but with each cheap instrument is inclosed an illustrated catalogue of our better-class goods. This shows people the possibilities of the Zobo and explains that it is not merely a toy but a first-class musical instrument." " Do you have second applications, then ?" " Yes, and always for a higher priced Zobo. Every letter that comes here inclosing cash means that the writer's name goes on our books at once for future reference. If he writes for a second or third Zobo the amount is fully credited to the paper which first introduced him." " How do you trace results ?" " By means of a keyed address number. We used to try 'departments,' but I don't like that system. Our letter carriers are informed of what we are doing, and whether a letter is addressed to us at 36l, 363, 365. 367, 369 or any other number on the block it is always delivered here. No matter what number is given in the ad it is one that belongs to this block, so the average New Yorker who comes personally to find us has no difficulty whatever- "You keep the letters for selling again I suppose"? "No, we don't, and won't sell them Each letter is marked as soon as it arrives with the name of the paper corresponding to the key number, and the amount inclosed is written in blue pencil. We would not give our business away by selling such letters." " Is yours altogether a mail order business ?" " By no means. Why, at the present time over 40,000 retail stores in the United States are selling Zobos; music stores, toy and notion stores and the big department stores. In the latter we do some good advertising." " In what way ?" " By demonstrations. We get the best lady demonstrators we can procure, and, besides a regular weekly salary, we pay them a commission on their sales. This makes them anxious to sell, and consequently they not only show the goods but instruct intending purchasers in the method of playing." " Why do you use religious and semi-religious mediums, Mr. Crakow?" " We want to reach people in bulk - choirs, singing classes and so on. We also advertise in the music trade journals for the same reason." " Might I ask what your present appropriation is ?" " I would rather not say, Mr. Printers' Ink, but although we have built up such a vast business, we are not spending very much money. Many lines of business want our goods in large quantities. They are known to be most acceptable gifts .for children, and therefore many firms give them away as premiums for purchasers. The Larkin Soap people of Buffalo offer Zobos for so many soap wrappers, for instance." I thanked Mr. Crakow for his in- formation and withdrew.

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Fielding Star, Kiwitea and Oroua New Zealand January 24th 1899

Zobo band

Zobo ad 1900

Rudolph Wurlitzer & Co Cincinnati catalogue 1901

File:New York Clipper ad 1901 1902.jpg File:Zobo cat.jpg File:Zobo patriottic drill.jpg